<!doctype html>
<html lang="en" data-color-mode="dark">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Sed 备忘清单
 &#x26;  sed cheatsheet &#x26;  Quick Reference</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<meta description="Sed 是一个流编辑器，此 Sed 备忘清单包含 Sed 命令和一些常见的 Sed 技巧。

入门，为开发人员分享快速参考备忘单。">
<meta keywords="sed,reference,Quick,Reference,cheatsheet,cheat,sheet">
<link rel="icon" href="data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2024%2024%22%20fill%3D%22none%22%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20height%3D%221em%22%20width%3D%221em%22%3E%20%3Cpath%20d%3D%22m21.66%2010.44-.98%204.18c-.84%203.61-2.5%205.07-5.62%204.77-.5-.04-1.04-.13-1.62-.27l-1.68-.4c-4.17-.99-5.46-3.05-4.48-7.23l.98-4.19c.2-.85.44-1.59.74-2.2%201.17-2.42%203.16-3.07%206.5-2.28l1.67.39c4.19.98%205.47%203.05%204.49%207.23Z%22%20fill%3D%22%23c9d1d9%22%2F%3E%20%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M15.06%2019.39c-.62.42-1.4.77-2.35%201.08l-1.58.52c-3.97%201.28-6.06.21-7.35-3.76L2.5%2013.28c-1.28-3.97-.22-6.07%203.75-7.35l1.58-.52c.41-.13.8-.24%201.17-.31-.3.61-.54%201.35-.74%202.2l-.98%204.19c-.98%204.18.31%206.24%204.48%207.23l1.68.4c.58.14%201.12.23%201.62.27Zm2.43-8.88c-.06%200-.12-.01-.19-.02l-4.85-1.23a.75.75%200%200%201%20.37-1.45l4.85%201.23a.748.748%200%200%201-.18%201.47Z%22%20fill%3D%22%23228e6c%22%20%2F%3E%20%3Cpath%20d%3D%22M14.56%2013.89c-.06%200-.12-.01-.19-.02l-2.91-.74a.75.75%200%200%201%20.37-1.45l2.91.74c.4.1.64.51.54.91-.08.34-.38.56-.72.56Z%22%20fill%3D%22%23228e6c%22%20%2F%3E%20%3C%2Fsvg%3E" type="image/svg+xml">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../style/style.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../style/katex.css">
</head>
<body><nav class="header-nav"><div class="max-container"><a href="../index.html" class="logo"><svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="1em" width="1em">
  <path d="m21.66 10.44-.98 4.18c-.84 3.61-2.5 5.07-5.62 4.77-.5-.04-1.04-.13-1.62-.27l-1.68-.4c-4.17-.99-5.46-3.05-4.48-7.23l.98-4.19c.2-.85.44-1.59.74-2.2 1.17-2.42 3.16-3.07 6.5-2.28l1.67.39c4.19.98 5.47 3.05 4.49 7.23Z" fill="#c9d1d9"></path>
  <path d="M15.06 19.39c-.62.42-1.4.77-2.35 1.08l-1.58.52c-3.97 1.28-6.06.21-7.35-3.76L2.5 13.28c-1.28-3.97-.22-6.07 3.75-7.35l1.58-.52c.41-.13.8-.24 1.17-.31-.3.61-.54 1.35-.74 2.2l-.98 4.19c-.98 4.18.31 6.24 4.48 7.23l1.68.4c.58.14 1.12.23 1.62.27Zm2.43-8.88c-.06 0-.12-.01-.19-.02l-4.85-1.23a.75.75 0 0 1 .37-1.45l4.85 1.23a.748.748 0 0 1-.18 1.47Z" fill="#228e6c"></path>
  <path d="M14.56 13.89c-.06 0-.12-.01-.19-.02l-2.91-.74a.75.75 0 0 1 .37-1.45l2.91.74c.4.1.64.51.54.91-.08.34-.38.56-.72.56Z" fill="#228e6c"></path>
</svg>
<span class="title">Quick Reference</span></a><div class="menu"><a href="javascript:void(0);" class="searchbtn" id="searchbtn"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="1em" width="1em" viewBox="0 0 18 18">
  <path fill="currentColor" d="M17.71,16.29 L14.31,12.9 C15.4069846,11.5024547 16.0022094,9.77665502 16,8 C16,3.581722 12.418278,0 8,0 C3.581722,0 0,3.581722 0,8 C0,12.418278 3.581722,16 8,16 C9.77665502,16.0022094 11.5024547,15.4069846 12.9,14.31 L16.29,17.71 C16.4777666,17.8993127 16.7333625,18.0057983 17,18.0057983 C17.2666375,18.0057983 17.5222334,17.8993127 17.71,17.71 C17.8993127,17.5222334 18.0057983,17.2666375 18.0057983,17 C18.0057983,16.7333625 17.8993127,16.4777666 17.71,16.29 Z M2,8 C2,4.6862915 4.6862915,2 8,2 C11.3137085,2 14,4.6862915 14,8 C14,11.3137085 11.3137085,14 8,14 C4.6862915,14 2,11.3137085 2,8 Z"></path>
</svg><span>搜索</span><span>⌘K</span></a><a href="https://github.com/jaywcjlove/reference/blob/main/docs/sed.md" class="" target="__blank"><svg viewBox="0 0 36 36" fill="currentColor" height="1em" width="1em"><path d="m33 6.4-3.7-3.7a1.71 1.71 0 0 0-2.36 0L23.65 6H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v22a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h22a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V11.76l3-3a1.67 1.67 0 0 0 0-2.36ZM18.83 20.13l-4.19.93 1-4.15 9.55-9.57 3.23 3.23ZM29.5 9.43 26.27 6.2l1.85-1.85 3.23 3.23Z"></path><path fill="none" d="M0 0h36v36H0z"></path></svg><span>编辑</span></a><button id="darkMode" type="button"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" class="light" height="1em" width="1em">
  <path d="M6.995 12c0 2.761 2.246 5.007 5.007 5.007s5.007-2.246 5.007-5.007-2.246-5.007-5.007-5.007S6.995 9.239 6.995 12zM11 19h2v3h-2zm0-17h2v3h-2zm-9 9h3v2H2zm17 0h3v2h-3zM5.637 19.778l-1.414-1.414 2.121-2.121 1.414 1.414zM16.242 6.344l2.122-2.122 1.414 1.414-2.122 2.122zM6.344 7.759 4.223 5.637l1.415-1.414 2.12 2.122zm13.434 10.605-1.414 1.414-2.122-2.122 1.414-1.414z"></path>
</svg>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="currentColor" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="dark" height="1em" width="1em">
  <path d="M12 11.807A9.002 9.002 0 0 1 10.049 2a9.942 9.942 0 0 0-5.12 2.735c-3.905 3.905-3.905 10.237 0 14.142 3.906 3.906 10.237 3.905 14.143 0a9.946 9.946 0 0 0 2.735-5.119A9.003 9.003 0 0 1 12 11.807z"></path>
</svg>
</button><script src="../js/dark.js?v=1.5.2"></script><a href="https://github.com/jaywcjlove/reference" class="" target="__blank"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="currentColor" height="1em" width="1em"><path d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.012 8.012 0 0 0 16 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path></svg></a></div></div></nav><div class="wrap h1body-exist max-container"><header class="wrap-header h1wrap"><h1 id="sed-备忘清单"><svg viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="1em" width="1em">
  <path d="M5 3a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v10a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h4.22l.212-.845c.013-.052.027-.104.043-.155H5a1 1 0 0 1-1-1V5a1 1 0 0 1 1-1h10a1 1 0 0 1 1 1v4.232c.32-.137.659-.213 1-.229V5a2 2 0 0 0-2-2H5Zm4.5 11h1.443l1-1H9.5a.5.5 0 0 0 0 1Zm-2-6.75a.75.75 0 1 1-1.5 0 .75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0ZM6.75 11a.75.75 0 1 0 0-1.5.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5Zm0 3a.75.75 0 1 0 0-1.5.75.75 0 0 0 0 1.5ZM9.5 7a.5.5 0 0 0 0 1h4a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1h-4Zm0 3a.5.5 0 0 0 0 1h4a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1h-4Zm1.48 5.377 4.83-4.83a1.87 1.87 0 1 1 2.644 2.646l-4.83 4.829a2.197 2.197 0 0 1-1.02.578l-1.498.374a.89.89 0 0 1-1.079-1.078l.375-1.498a2.18 2.18 0 0 1 .578-1.02Z" fill="currentColor"></path>
</svg>
<a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#sed-备忘清单"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Sed 备忘清单</h1><div class="wrap-body">
<p>Sed 是一个流编辑器，此 Sed 备忘清单包含 Sed 命令和一些常见的 Sed 技巧。</p>
</div></header><div class="menu-tocs"><div class="menu-btn"><svg aria-hidden="true" fill="currentColor" height="1em" width="1em" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" data-view-component="true">
  <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M2 4a1 1 0 100-2 1 1 0 000 2zm3.75-1.5a.75.75 0 000 1.5h8.5a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-8.5zm0 5a.75.75 0 000 1.5h8.5a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-8.5zm0 5a.75.75 0 000 1.5h8.5a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-8.5zM3 8a1 1 0 11-2 0 1 1 0 012 0zm-1 6a1 1 0 100-2 1 1 0 000 2z"></path>
</svg></div><div class="menu-modal"><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#入门">入门</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#sed-用法">Sed 用法</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#选项示例">选项示例</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#多个命令">多个命令</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#sed-脚本">Sed 脚本</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#examples">Examples</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#sed-命令">Sed 命令</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#命令">命令</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#空间命令">空间命令</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#flags">Flags</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#循环命令">循环命令</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#杂项标志">杂项标志</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#sed-示例">Sed 示例</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#替换文本">替换文本</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#搜索文本">搜索文本</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#追加行">追加行</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#编号">编号</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#前置行">前置行</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#删除行">删除行</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve3 tocs-link" data-num="3" href="#文件间距">文件间距</a><a aria-hidden="true" class="leve2 tocs-link" data-num="2" href="#另见">另见</a></div></div><div class="h1wrap-body"><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="入门"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#入门"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>入门</h2><div class="wrap-body">
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="sed-用法"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#sed-用法"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Sed 用法</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>语法</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>options<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">command</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>input-file<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>带管道</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">cat</span> report.txt <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/Nick/John/g'</span>
</span></code></pre>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token string">'123abc'</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/[0-9]+//g'</span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist col-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="选项示例"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#选项示例"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>选项示例</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->



































<table class="show-header"><thead><tr><th>参数</th><th>示例</th><th>描述</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>-i</code></td><td>sed -ibak 's/On/Off/' php.ini</td><td>直接备份和修改输入文件</td></tr><tr><td><code>-E</code></td><td>sed -E 's/[0-9]+//g' input-file</td><td>使用扩展正则表达式</td></tr><tr><td><code>-n</code></td><td>sed -n '3 p' config.conf</td><td>禁止默认图案空间打印</td></tr><tr><td><code>-f</code></td><td>sed -f script.sed config.conf</td><td>执行 sed 脚本文件</td></tr><tr><td><code>-e</code></td><td>sed -e 'command1' -e 'command2' input-file</td><td>执行多个 sed 命令</td></tr></tbody></table>
<!--rehype:className=show-header-->
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="多个命令"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#多个命令"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>多个命令</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token string">"hello world"</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-e</span> <span class="token string">'s/h/H/g'</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-e</span> <span class="token string">'s/w/W/g'</span>
</span><span class="code-line">Hello World
</span></code></pre>
<p>使用 <code>-e</code> 执行多个 sed 命令</p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="sed-脚本"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#sed-脚本"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Sed 脚本</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token string">'s/h/H/g'</span> <span class="token operator">>></span> hello.sed
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token string">'s/w/W/g'</span> <span class="token operator">>></span> hello.sed
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> <span class="token string">"hello world"</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-f</span> hello.sed
</span><span class="code-line">Hello World
</span></code></pre>
<p>使用 <code>-f</code> 执行 sed 脚本文件</p>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="examples"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#examples"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Examples</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/old/new/g'</span> file.txt
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/old/new/g'</span> file.txt <span class="token operator">></span> new.txt
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/old/new/g'</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-i</span> file.txt
</span><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/old/new/g'</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-i.backup</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="sed-命令"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#sed-命令"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Sed 命令</h2><div class="wrap-body">
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist col-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="命令"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#命令"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>命令</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->








































<table class="show-header"><thead><tr><th align="left">命令</th><th align="left">示例</th><th align="left">描述</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>p</code></td><td align="left">sed -n '1,4 p' input.txt</td><td align="left">打印第 1-4 行</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>p</code></td><td align="left">sed -n -e '1,4 p' -e '6,7 p' input.txt</td><td align="left">打印第 1-4 行和第 6-7 行</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>d</code></td><td align="left">sed '1,4 d' input.txt</td><td align="left">打印除 1-4 之外的行</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>w</code></td><td align="left">sed -n '1,4 w output.txt' input.txt</td><td align="left">将模式空间写入文件</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>a</code></td><td align="left">sed '2 a new-line' input.txt</td><td align="left">在后面追加一行</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>i</code></td><td align="left">sed '2 i new-line' input.txt</td><td align="left">在前面插入行</td></tr></tbody></table>
<!--rehype:className=show-header-->
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="空间命令"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#空间命令"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>空间命令</h3><div class="wrap-body">

































<table><thead><tr><th align="left">命令</th><th align="left">描述</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left"><code>n</code></td><td align="left">打印模式空间，空模式空间，读取下一行</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>x</code></td><td align="left">用保持空间交换模式空间</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>h</code></td><td align="left">复制模式空间以保持空间</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>H</code></td><td align="left">追加模式空间以保持空间</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>g</code></td><td align="left">将保持空间复制到模式空间</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><code>G</code></td><td align="left">将保持空间附加到模式空间</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="flags"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#flags"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Flags</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/old/new/[flags]'</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>input-file<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</span></code></pre>
<hr>

































<table><thead><tr><th>Flag</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>g</code></td><td>全球替代</td></tr><tr><td><code>1,2...</code></td><td>替换第 n 次出现</td></tr><tr><td><code>p</code></td><td>仅打印替换的行</td></tr><tr><td><code>w</code></td><td>仅将替换的行写入文件</td></tr><tr><td><code>I</code></td><td>搜索时忽略大小写</td></tr><tr><td><code>e</code></td><td>在命令行中替换并执行</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="循环命令"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#循环命令"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>循环命令</h3><div class="wrap-body">

































<table><thead><tr><th>Command</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>b label</code></td><td>分支到标签（用于循环）</td></tr><tr><td><code>t label</code></td><td>仅在成功替换时分支到标签（用于循环）</td></tr><tr><td><code>:label</code></td><td>b 和 t 命令的标签（用于循环）</td></tr><tr><td><code>N</code></td><td>将下一行追加到模式空间</td></tr><tr><td><code>P</code></td><td>多行打印第一行</td></tr><tr><td><code>D</code></td><td>删除多行中的第一行</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="杂项标志"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#杂项标志"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>杂项标志</h3><div class="wrap-body">





















<table><thead><tr><th>Flag</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><code>/ | ^ @ ! #</code></td><td>替换分隔符可以是任何字符</td></tr><tr><td><code>&#x26;</code></td><td>获取匹配的模式</td></tr><tr><td><code>( ) \1 \2 \3</code></td><td>使用 <code>(</code> 和 <code>)</code> 进行分组。<br>使用 <code>\1</code>、<code>\2</code> 替换来引用组</td></tr></tbody></table>
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="sed-示例"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#sed-示例"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>Sed 示例</h2><div class="wrap-body">
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist row-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="替换文本"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#替换文本"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>替换文本</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=row-span-2-->
<p>替换所有出现的字符串</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/old/new/g'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
<p>仅替换第 n 次出现的字符串</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/old/new/2'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
<p>仅在第 5 行替换替换字符串</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'5 s/old/new/'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
<p>将“world”替换为“universe”，但前提是该行以“hello”开头</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'/hello/s/world/universe/'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
<p>从每行的末尾删除“\”</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/\\$//'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
<p>删除每行开头的所有空格</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/^\s*//'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
<p>删除评论。 即使是那些在行尾的</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'s/#.*$//'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="搜索文本"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#搜索文本"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>搜索文本</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>搜索字符串并仅打印匹配的行</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-n</span> <span class="token string">'/hello/p'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
<p>不区分大小写的搜索</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-n</span> <span class="token string">'/hello/Ip'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
<p>搜索字符串，但仅输出不匹配的行</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-n</span> <span class="token string">'/hello/!p'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="追加行"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#追加行"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>追加行</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>在第 2 行之后追加一行</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'2a Text after line 2'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
<p>在文件末尾追加一行</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'$a THE END!'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
<p>从第 3 行开始，每 3 行后追加一行</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'3~3a Some text'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist col-span-2"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="编号"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#编号"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>编号</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<!--rehype:wrap-class=col-span-2-->
<p>文件的数字行（简单的左对齐）</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> file.txt <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'N;s/\n/\t/'</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>文件的数字行（数字在左，右对齐）</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> file.txt <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'N; s/^/   /; s/ *\(.\{6,\}\)\n/\1  /'</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>文件的数字行，但如果行不为空，则仅打印数字</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'/./='</span> file.txt <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'/./N; s/\n/ /'</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>计算行数（模拟“wc -l”）</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token parameter variable">-n</span> <span class="token string">'$='</span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="前置行"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#前置行"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>前置行</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>在第 5 行之前插入文本</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'5i line number five'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
<p>在包含“hello”的每一行之前插入“示例：”</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'/hello/i Example: '</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="删除行"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#删除行"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>删除行</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>删除文件中的第 5-7 行</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'5,7d'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
<p>删除从第 3 行开始的每 2 行</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'3~2d'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
<p>删除文件的最后一行</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'$d'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
<p>删除以“Hello”开头的行</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'/^Hello/d'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
<p>删除所有空行</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'/^$/d'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
<p>删除以“#”开头的行</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'/^#/d'</span> file.txt
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div><div class="wrap h3body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h3wrap"><h3 id="文件间距"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#文件间距"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>文件间距</h3><div class="wrap-body">
<p>双倍行距</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> G
</span></code></pre>
<p>删除所有空行和双空格</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'/^$/d;G'</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>三倍空间文件</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'G;G'</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>撤消双倍行距</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'n;d'</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>在匹配“正则表达式”的行上方插入一个空行</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'/regex/{x;p;x;}'</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>在匹配“正则表达式”的行下方插入一个空行</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'/regex/G'</span>
</span></code></pre>
<p>在匹配“正则表达式”的行周围插入一个空行</p>
<pre class="language-shell"><code class="language-shell code-highlight"><span class="code-line">$ <span class="token function">sed</span> <span class="token string">'/regex/{x;p;x;G;}'</span>
</span></code></pre>
</div></div></div></div></div><div class="wrap h2body-not-exist"><div class="wrap-header h2wrap"><h2 id="另见"><a aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1" href="#另见"><span class="icon icon-link"></span></a>另见</h2><div class="wrap-body">
<ul>
<li><a href="https://gist.github.com/ssstonebraker/6140154">sed 备忘单</a> <em>(gist.github.com)</em></li>
</ul>
</div></div><div class="h2wrap-body"></div></div></div><script src="https://giscus.app/client.js" data-repo="jaywcjlove/reference" data-repo-id="R_kgDOID2-Mw" data-category="Q&#x26;A" data-category-id="DIC_kwDOID2-M84CS5wo" data-mapping="pathname" data-strict="0" data-reactions-enabled="1" data-emit-metadata="0" data-input-position="bottom" data-theme="dark" data-lang="zh-CN" crossorigin="anonymous" async></script><div class="giscus"></div></div><footer class="footer-wrap"><footer class="max-container">© 2022 Kenny Wang.</footer></footer><script src="../data.js?v=1.5.2" defer></script><script src="../js/fuse.min.js?v=1.5.2" defer></script><script src="../js/main.js?v=1.5.2" defer></script><div id="mysearch"><div class="mysearch-box"><div class="mysearch-input"><div><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" height="1em" width="1em" viewBox="0 0 18 18">
  <path fill="currentColor" d="M17.71,16.29 L14.31,12.9 C15.4069846,11.5024547 16.0022094,9.77665502 16,8 C16,3.581722 12.418278,0 8,0 C3.581722,0 0,3.581722 0,8 C0,12.418278 3.581722,16 8,16 C9.77665502,16.0022094 11.5024547,15.4069846 12.9,14.31 L16.29,17.71 C16.4777666,17.8993127 16.7333625,18.0057983 17,18.0057983 C17.2666375,18.0057983 17.5222334,17.8993127 17.71,17.71 C17.8993127,17.5222334 18.0057983,17.2666375 18.0057983,17 C18.0057983,16.7333625 17.8993127,16.4777666 17.71,16.29 Z M2,8 C2,4.6862915 4.6862915,2 8,2 C11.3137085,2 14,4.6862915 14,8 C14,11.3137085 11.3137085,14 8,14 C4.6862915,14 2,11.3137085 2,8 Z"></path>
</svg><input id="mysearch-input" type="search" placeholder="搜索" autocomplete="off"><div class="mysearch-clear"></div></div><button id="mysearch-close" type="button">搜索</button></div><div class="mysearch-result"><div id="mysearch-menu"></div><div id="mysearch-content"></div></div></div></div></body>
</html>
